®GMAT Verbal Free Practice Questions

Rationale

In 2008, processed foods were a significantly higher percentage of people's daily food consumption than in the 1980s.

This statement directly addresses the underlying issue of increased salt consumption despite government efforts to reduce it. If processed foods, which often contain high levels of salt, made up a larger portion of the diet in 2008, it would explain why overall salt intake increased even with guidelines in place. A) The population increased significantly between the 1980s and 2008. While a growing population might suggest an increase in total salt consumption, it does not directly account for the failure of the salt reduction plan since it does not explain individual consumption patterns or dietary changes. B) Makers of processed foods have created several new products since the 1980s. The introduction of new products could contribute to higher salt consumption, but without evidence that these new products are significantly saltier than their predecessors or more widely consumed, this statement does not adequately explain the increase in salt intake. D) In 2008, more people were aware of the dangers of consuming excess salt than prior to the 1980s. Increased awareness alone does not ensure reduced consumption; individuals may be aware of health risks but continue to choose high-salt foods, especially if those foods are more readily available or appealing. E) On average, the consumption of excess salt has more adverse effects on men's health than it has on women's health. This statement highlights health disparities but does not provide a direct explanation for the overall increase in salt consumption among both men and women, nor does it address dietary choices. Conclusion The rise in processed foods as a larger component of daily diets by 2008 serves as a key factor in understanding the failure of government initiatives to lower salt consumption. As processed foods typically contain high sodium levels, their increased prevalence would naturally lead to higher overall salt intake, overshadowing the effects of public health campaigns aimed at reducing salt consumption.